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New Photovoltovoic Technology With Perovskite

• In 2009 it is discovered that perovskites can generate electric charge by emmiting light on it.
• Its efficiency to generate Electric Charge is upto 29% which is much similar as Silicon cell used in solar panel.
• Silicon cell based solar panel has efficiency to generate up to 30% electric charge but it cost more.
• Perovskite cost one third of silicon based solar panel.

• Silicon cell based solar panel are perfetly align to generate electricity and any mis-alignment cause to defect the whole panel.
• Perovskite based solar panel has capacity of "Defect-tolerance".
• Perovskite cells are layered (made with layer by layer) on to the surface by which it can not defect whole solar system.
• Perovskite panel's manufacturing are easier and cheaper.
• The perovskite cells are small, fragile, and degrade muchaster.

Note: Conventional solar panel are using Silicon Cell.

What Perovskite is?

• Its crystaline mineral
• Different kind of Perovskites are:

• MgSiO3(Silicate perovskite)
• CaSiO3
• CaTiO3
• BaTiO3
• In Mantle MgSiO3 (Silicate Perovskite) are most common.
• Metal Halide perovskites are type of crystal that can act a semiconductor.
• It is 38% of total earth mass

• It is 93% of lower mantle mass of earth.
• Perovskite also helpfull to make cheaper "Quantum dot display".
• The conventional Quantum Dot Display uses three Light "Red, Green, Blue" to genrate picture but Perovskite needs only one One "Blue color" light to generate picture thus cost and efficiency of perovskite based display.
• Silicon cells based panel are hard, thick and consume more space.
• Perovskite cells works as leaf photo synthesis, as in photosynthesis, chlorophil gets sun light and convert it to glucose, same perovskite gets sun light convert it to electric charge

Process of Making Solar panel with Perovskite?

Preparation of Anode

• For making anode FTO is used

Note: FTO (Fluorine doped Tin Oxide) glass is a transparent conductive metal oxide that can be used in the fabrication of transparent electrodes for thin film photovoltaics.

• To seperate anode with cathode , carving other side with metal dust and hidro chloric acid.

• Then mask a tape on FTO glass side.

• Next, by the help of speen coating, ETL (Electron Transport Layer) coated on FTO.

Note: The purpose of an electron transport layer (or of a hole transport
layer ) between the active layer and the cathode (or the anode) is to
reduce the recombination of the free charge carriers (electrons and holes)
with their counterparts on defects which exist on the interfaces.

• Coating of perovskite precurser solution (mixture of Lead iodide and methyle ammonium iodide), on ETL through speen coating.
• Then it is placed on heat at 100degree centigrade.

• By heat, a layer of perovskite is formed.

Preparation of Cathod

• Then a layer of "hole tranporting layer" coated on perovskite.
• then mask cathode on other side.

Note: Hole transporting layer act as cathod.